Cryopreservation is the technique employed to freeze and safeguard embryos, which are cellular structures formed through the fertilization of an egg by sperm.
Who All Are Eligible?
Eligibility for cryopreservation is determined when high-quality embryos are acquired during in vitro fertilization. Unused eggs can be frozen and stored for future use, requiring a minimum of two frozen embryos for a subsequent attempt. In Turkey, embryos frozen with the consent of couples can be preserved in liquid nitrogen for up to five years, but this consent is considered terminated in cases of divorce or the death of one spouse, leading to the disposal of the embryos.
Advantages of the Cryo preservation
- Cost-effective- As existing embryos eliminate the need for ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval, treatment costs by half.
- Less stressful- The risks and stress associated with surgery or the potential failure to obtain eggs or embryos are minimal.
- afe procedure- Patient adherence is simplified, and there are fewer side effects.
How Cryo cycle work?
The Cryo Cycle involves the administration of tablets containing estrogen hormone, promoting the healthy development of the intrauterine membrane where the embryos will be transferred. The procedure can also be applied during a natural menstrual period in some patients. Cell cryopreservation involves two main processes: freezing and thawing. Freezing encompasses steps such as placing the embryo in media of increasing osmolarity to induce dehydration, followed by rapid placement into liquid nitrogen through methods like slow freezing or vitrification. Thawing involves warming the cell from liquid nitrogen to room temperature, rehydration in steps using media with decreased osmolarity, and returning the embryo to its normal size by eliminating cryoprotectants. After rehydration, the embryo is transferred to a regular culture medium for continued growth.
Chances of complication in newborns:
Concerns about potential problems in infants born through Cryo Cycle procedures are addressed by studies indicating no increased risk of anomalies.
What to expect?
The success rate of the Cryo Cycle is influenced by advancements in technology, particularly vitrification, enabling 95% of frozen embryos to be successfully thawed without issues. The pregnancy rate is reported to be between 30-40%.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How are sperm and eggs cryopreserved?
Sperm is typically cryopreserved by mixing it with a cryoprotectant solution and freezing it at very low temperatures. Eggs undergo a process called vitrification, a rapid freezing technique that prevents the formation of ice crystals.
Is there an age limit for cryopreserving eggs or sperm?
While there is no strict age limit, the success of cryopreservation tends to be higher when eggs or sperm are collected at a younger age. Fertility specialists may provide guidance on the optimal timing for cryopreservation based on individual circumstances.
Can embryos be cryopreserved?
Yes, embryos can be cryopreserved as part of the IVF process. They are frozen at a specific stage of development and can be thawed and transferred to the uterus in a subsequent cycle.
How long can eggs and sperm be stored through cryopreservation?
Eggs and sperm can potentially be stored for many years through cryopreservation. The longevity depends on the preservation techniques used. Sperm, eggs, and embryos have been successfully stored for decades in some cases.